English guides, by your first language

The mistakes you make in English depend a lot on the language you already speak. These free guides are written for one first language at a time, the false friends, sounds and grammar that trip up French, Mandarin, Spanish and Arabic speakers, with the natural fix for each.

English for French speakers

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French and English share tens of thousands of words, which is exactly the trap. The two are close enough that French speakers read English quickly, then get caught by false friends, silent-letter spelling, and sounds French doesn’t have (the English "th", the "h" you must pronounce). These guides target the specific places French interferes with English, with the natural fix for each.

For French speakers B1–B2

Animal Idioms in English: The Ones French Speakers Mix Up

You walk into a London pub and hear someone say they are feeling under the weather. You nod, but your brain immediately translates it to…

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For French speakers A1–A2–B1

How French Speakers Mess Up Do/Does Questions

You walk into a shop in London. You want to ask the price. Your brain defaults to French word order. You say 'How much costs it?' The…

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For French speakers A2–B1

I Tink Dat: French Speakers Fix TH Pronunciation

You hear the word 'think' and your tongue instinctively slams into your teeth to make a /t/. You hear 'this' and you push out a /z/ like…

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For French speakers A2–B1

Adjective Order: French Speakers' English Trap

French speakers often place adjectives after nouns in French (e.g., une voiture rouge). In English, adjectives precede nouns (e.g., a red…

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For French speakers B2–C1

English Business Idioms French Speakers Get Wrong

You can run a meeting in English. Your grammar is solid, your vocabulary is wide, and then someone says 'let's touch base next week' and…

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For French speakers B1–B2–C1

Why French Speakers Stress the Wrong English Syllable

Say the word 'information' out loud. If you just said 'inforMAtion', pushing the stress onto the end and giving every syllable a full clear…

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For French speakers A2–B1

Ship or Sheep? The Vowel French Speakers Can't Hear

You are in a meeting, you want to say 'we'll ship it tomorrow', and your English colleague looks confused. Why? Because you said 'we'll…

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For French speakers B2–C1

French Email Phrases That Sound Wrong in English

Your English is good. Your grammar is clean, your vocabulary is wide, and then you sign off an email with 'I remain at your disposal' and…

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For French speakers B1–B2

French Idioms You Translate Too Literally in English

You speak English well enough to make jokes now, and that is exactly where the trap is waiting. French idioms feel so natural inside your…

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For French speakers A2–B1

French Speakers and the Silent H Problem in English

In French, the letter h is mute. You write 'hôtel', 'heure', 'homme', and you say none of those h's. That is fine in French. The problem is…

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For French speakers B1–B2

Since vs For for French Speakers: Depuis Is a Trap

In French you have one tidy little word, depuis, and it does two jobs without complaining. 'Depuis 2020' marks a starting point. 'Depuis…

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For French speakers A1–A2–B1

How Much Costs It? Why French Speakers Forget Do and Does in English Questions

French forms questions by inversion or intonation, with no do/does. That's why French speakers say 'How much costs it?'. Here's the…

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For French speakers B1–B2

8 False Friends That Trip Up French Speakers in English Business Meetings

In English, the agenda isn't your diary. French speakers: 8 faux amis that quietly derail business meetings, with the natural fix for each,…

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For French speakers A2–B1

Make or Do? The Choice French Speakers Get Wrong Because Faire Is One Verb

French faire covers both make and do, so French speakers say 'do a mistake' and 'make my homework'. A collocation map of the high-frequency…

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For French speakers B1–B2

Present Perfect vs Passé Composé for French Speakers

One sentence many French speakers produce is 'I have seen him yesterday.' It feels correct because in French you would say 'Je l'ai vu…

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For French speakers B1–B2

15 False Friends That Make French Professionals Sound Wrong in English Interviews

Actuellement doesn't mean 'actually'. 15 French false friends that quietly sabotage English interviews, with the natural fix for each, from…

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English for Mandarin speakers

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Mandarin marks no tense, no plural, and no articles, so the hardest part of English for Mandarin speakers isn’t vocabulary, it’s the grammar English forces you to add: "-ed" past endings, "-s" plurals, "a/the", and final consonant sounds. These guides focus on exactly those.

For Mandarin speakers B1–B2

English Idioms Mandarin Speakers Misunderstand

English idioms often use metaphorical language that does not translate literally. Mandarin speakers may interpret these phrases word for…

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For Mandarin speakers A2–B1–B2

I very like it: Adverb, Adjective and Time-Order Traps for Mandarin Speakers

You say 'I very like it.' Your teacher writes a red line through it. You ask why. The answer is not that you are bad at English. The answer…

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For Mandarin speakers B1–B2–C1

He, She, or It? Why Fluent Mandarin Speakers Mix Up Pronouns

You speak English fluently. You can debate quantum physics or order a complex meal without breaking a sweat. But then a native speaker…

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For Mandarin speakers A2–B1

Mandarin Speakers: Fix L, R, V, W, and Th Pronunciation

Mandarin lacks /v/, /θ/, and /ð/. It merges /l/ and /r/ into a single phoneme. This causes systematic errors in English: 'rice' → 'lice',…

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For Mandarin speakers B1–B2–C1

Sounding Flat in English? Mandarin Tones vs English Stress

Mandarin is syllable timed. English is stress timed. When Mandarin speakers learn English they often give each syllable equal weight. This…

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For Mandarin speakers B1–B2–C1

Chinese Idioms Chengyu English Equivalents: Stop Literal Translations

You have a secret weapon in your head called chengyu. These four-character Chinese idioms pack centuries of history into a tiny box. The…

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For Mandarin speakers A2–B1–B2

Why English Words Feel Like They Need an Extra Vowel: Consonant Clusters for Mandarin Speakers

You hear the word desk. Your brain hears deng. You add an a at the end to make it deska. You hear strengths. You try to say it, but your…

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For Mandarin speakers A2–B1

The Plural 's' Trap for Chinese Speakers: Countable vs Uncountable

You are trying to say 'two report' or 'some advices' and the native speaker looks at you like you are speaking Martian. This is not because…

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For Mandarin speakers B2–C1

Too Direct or Too Vague? Mandarin Politeness in English Business Emails

You are writing an email to your boss. You want to be polite. You use the word 'please'. You think you are safe. Your boss reads it and…

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For Mandarin speakers B1–B2

Mandarin Has No Past Tense: 7 English Interview Mistakes

Here is the sentence I hear in almost every interview practice with a Chinese candidate: 'Last year I work at Huawei.' The time word is…

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For Mandarin speakers B1–B2–C1

Stop Chinglish: Mandarin Topic-Comment vs English

You write a sentence, it looks fine, and your teacher circles it and says 'something is missing.' What is missing is usually the subject,…

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For Mandarin speakers A2–B1–B2

Why Mandarin Speakers Drop 'a', 'an', 'the' in English

You say 'I am manager of company' and the meaning is clear, but something is missing, and that something is 'a' and 'the'. Here is the…

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English for Spanish speakers

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Spanish gives you a head start on English vocabulary, then trips you on the machinery: the missing "do/does" in questions, an extra "e" before s-clusters ("estudent"), one verb "ser/estar" splitting into "be", and false friends like "actually" and "assist". These guides focus on what actually slows Spanish speakers down.

For Spanish speakers B2–C1

English Business Idioms Spanish Speakers Get Wrong

You walk into a meeting in London or New York and your boss says, 'Let's get the ball rolling.' Your brain instantly searches for the…

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For Spanish speakers A2–B1

Double Negatives: Why Spanish Speakers Use Two Negatives in English

You are sitting in a meeting or a classroom and you open your mouth to say you do not have anything. What comes out is I don't have…

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For Spanish speakers A2–B1

Spanish B vs V: Fix Your English Pronunciation

You are trying to say 'very' and 'berry' like they are the same word. They are not. In English, /b/ and /v/ are two distinct sounds. In…

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For Spanish speakers A2–B1

Spanish Speakers: Stop Pluralizing Adjectives in English

You have a brain that loves patterns. Spanish trains you to mark everything. If the noun is plural, the adjective must wear an 's'. If the…

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For Spanish speakers A2–B1

Make vs Do: Fix Your Spanish 'Hacer' Confusion

You open your mouth to tell a friend about your weekend plans. You want to say you are going to make a cake. The word 'hacer' sits heavy in…

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For Spanish speakers A2–B1

E Before S: Fix Spanish Speakers' S-Cluster Pronunciation

You hear 'school' and your mouth wants to say 'escuela'. You hear 'speak' and you launch it with 'eh'. This is not a grammar mistake. It is…

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For Spanish speakers B2–C1

Spanish Business Email Phrases That Sound Too Formal in English

You open an email to a British client or an American boss. Your fingers itch to type 'Estimado Sr. Garcia'. You hit send. The recipient…

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For Spanish speakers B1–B2

Stop Translating Spanish Idioms Literally to English

You have a habit. It is a bad habit. You look at a Spanish phrase like 'tomar el pelo' and you decide to translate every single word into…

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For Spanish speakers B1–B2

Present Perfect: Spanish Speakers' English Mistakes

Spanish speakers often say 'I work here since two years' in English. This is incorrect. The Spanish phrase 'desde hace' does not map…

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For Spanish speakers B1–B2

15 False Friends for Spanish Speakers in English Interviews

You are sitting across from a hiring manager. You want to say you are currently available for the role. Your brain fires the Spanish word…

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For Spanish speakers A1–A2–B1

Spanish Speakers: Why You Drop 'Do' in English Questions

In Spanish, a question is just a statement with the voice going up at the end. ¿Te gusta el café? has the same words as Te gusta el café,…

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English for Arabic speakers

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Arabic and English differ at the root: no "p" sound (so "p" and "b" blur), no capital letters, a different vowel system, and a present tense that drops "is/are". For Arabic speakers the hard parts of English are "p" vs "b", the articles "a/the", and word order. These guides tackle those head-on.

For Arabic speakers A2–B1

Stop Saying 'Istreet': Fix Arabic Consonant Clusters in English

You are trying to say 'street' but you hear 'istreet'. You are trying to say 'school' but you hear 'ischool'. This is not a random mistake.…

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For Arabic speakers B1–B2

English Idioms Arabic Speakers Find Confusing

You hear 'break the ice' and your brain reaches for an Arabic proverb that describes social awkwardness with a physical image. Arabic uses…

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For Arabic speakers B1–B2

Arabic Proverbs Translated Literally into English: The Real Equivalents

You carry a heavy backpack when you speak English. It is stuffed with Arabic proverbs. You look at a situation, your brain grabs an Arabic…

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For Arabic speakers B1–B2

Arabic Speakers: Stop Pluralizing Uncountable Nouns

You walk into a job interview in London. The recruiter asks for your references. You confidently say, 'I have three informations about my…

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For Arabic speakers B1–B2

Arabic English False Friends: 12 Words That Lie

You think you know these words. You see a familiar shape and your brain gives you a meaning that works in Cairo or Beirut or Riyadh. It…

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For Arabic speakers A2–B1

P or B? Fix Arabic Speakers' P and B Pronunciation

You walk into an English class and say you want a Pepsi. The teacher hands you a beer. You did not make a joke. You made a phonological…

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For Arabic speakers B1–B2

Word Order for Arabic Speakers: Fix VSO in Interviews

You walk into the interview room with strong vocabulary. You know the words. But when the recruiter asks a behavioral question, your brain…

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For Arabic speakers A2–B1

A, An, The: Why "The English" and "I Have Information" Trip Up Arabic Speakers

You speak Arabic. You know the definite article al- functions like a marker before nouns. Arabic has no equivalent for the English…

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For Arabic speakers B2–C1

Arabic Speakers: English Business Emails Without Over-Apologising

You learned to write a proper letter in Arabic, and a proper letter does not just barge in. It opens with تحية طيبة وبعد, it asks after the…

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For Arabic speakers B1–B2

Arabic Speakers' English Preposition Errors Fixed

Arabic gives you a tidy little box of prepositions. You have fi, ila, min, 3ala, and a handful more, and they cover almost everything.…

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For Arabic speakers A2–B1

Why Arabic Speakers Drop 'To Be' in English

Here is a sentence I hear every single week: 'I am work in a bank.' Or its twin brother, 'He manager.' Both come from the same place, and…

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